What do I need to do if I have Type 2 Diabetes and become sick?
When we are ill, our bodies are less responsive to the insulin that is naturally produced. Therefore, when you are unwell, your blood glucose levels can rise, even if you are eating less than usual. But having high blood glucose levels can be dangerous, so it is really important to know what you can do when you become ill. The advice that is given is called ‘sick day rules’, and these should help you understand what to do if you cannot manage your diabetes.
Firstly, if you are on medication, you may need to adjust it for a short period of time. You should get in contact with your diabetes team and they will help you to make any alterations if necessary.
When you are sick, the general advice for those with type 2 diabetes is:
• Rest – make sure you get plenty of rest and avoid strenuous exercise
• Drink plenty of fluids – make sure you sip throughout the day, it is recommended to drink at least 2 and a half to 3 and a half litres (or 4-6 pints) in 24 hours
• If you have a high temperature or a cough, treat it with basic over-the-counter medicines such as painkillers and cough syrups. These contain very little glucose and are taken in small quantities so they do not have to be the sugar-free version
• Contact your GP if you think you have an infection as you may need antibiotics
• If you are able to, monitor your blood glucose levels at least 4 times a day while you are unwell. If your blood sugar is continuously raised, contact your healthcare provider for further advice
• If you have vomiting or diarrhoea, you may need to adjust your medication. Your diabetes team should have a care plan so contact them to get advice on what to do
References NHS (2020) Sick day rules: How to manages Type 2 Diabetes if you become unwell with coronavirus and what to do with your medication. Available at https://www.england.nhs.uk/london/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2020/04/3.-Covid-19-Type-2-SickDay-Rules-Crib-Sheet-06042020.pdf (Accessed on 19 December 2022).
Trend Diabetes (2020) Type 2 Diabetes: What to do when you are ill. Available at https://trenddiabetes.online/portfolio/type-2-diabetes-what-to-do-when-you-are-ill/ (Accessed on 19 December 2022)